ABSTRACT
Background: Fetal growth restriction is related to compromised perinatal outcomes. The screening and prevention tools for fetal growth restriction like Doppler indices in high-risk groups compared with general antenatal populations. An evaluation of the correlation between Doppler indices and placental weight and birth weight of the neonate at term pregnancy in high-risk pregnancies is essential. For the early detection of fetal growth limitations in high-risk pregnancies, sensitive screening techniques are few. Objectives: To determine the most accurate indicator for predicting a poor perinatal outcome or intrauterine growth restriction by comparing and correlating the modifications in Doppler ultrasound studies of fetal circulation in general pregnant women with those of high-risk patients both with and without intrauterine growth retardation. Study design: A cross-sectional research including 81 healthy pregnancies and 19 high-risk patients at 31–40 weeks of gestation was conducted. The pulsatility index (PI) of the middle cerebral artery (MCA), the umbilical artery (UA), and the MCA PI to UA PI ratio were all analyzed. We compared the Doppler indices’ mean values. Then these values were correlated with placental weight and birth weight of the offspring. Results: A significantly low birth weight and less fetoplacental ratio and placental coefficient ratio were found in high-risk cases than in normal pregnant women (P <0.05). A strong positive relationship was observed between the middle cerebral artery pulsatility index and placental weight, while negative relationship between the pulsatility index of the middle cerebral artery and the Feto-placental ratio (P < 0.05). In addition, a positive association was found between the pulsatility index of the middle cerebral artery and placental coefficient, whereas a negative correlation was observed between the Cerebro-placental ratio and Feto-placental ratio in high-risk cases (P <0.05). Conclusion: Low birth weight can be predicted using Doppler indices since there is a definite correlation between it and unfavorable perinatal outcomes.
ABSTRACT
“Life well spent is long”, is well stated by Leonardo Da Vinci. A person's quality of life throughout all of those years of survival, rather than how many years they live, is what defines a long-life span. Superior constitution, great bodily components, excellent soul, adoption of a wholesome diet, and living a healthy lifestyle are the factors of this longevity. The lifespan of the individual should be checked by the doctor before any other aspects such as ailment, season, bio-fire, age, mental agility, homologation, constitution, medication, and location are examined. The attributes of Deerghayu that is long life span, along with Aahara (eating habits) and vihara (routines) to preserve longevity of life with the highest quality, have been outlined by Acharya Charaka after the Namakarana (naming ceremony) and Sushruta in Jatisutriya adhyaya in their description of life span. The present study analyzes the characteristic features of Deerghayu and the maintenance of these characteristics playing an important role in a long and healthy life.
ABSTRACT
Variations in the branches of the brachial plexus are not uncommon. In the present report, variation in thebranching pattern of the lateral cord is described along with the absence of the musculocutaneous nerve. Thelateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm was a direct continuation of the lateral cord. These kinds of variations ofnerve branches are more prone to injuries during upper arm and axillary surgeries. Knowledge regardingvariations in the brachial plexus is utmost important for surgeons, anesthesiologist, clinicians and anatomists.
ABSTRACT
Coeliac artery forms the major blood supply for the structures derived from the foregut up to the major duodenal papillae. During the routine dissection classes for the undergraduates, a very uncommon variation in theorigin of the coeliac trunk was observed. Instead, of the coeliac artery, two trunks were arising directly from theabdominal aorta at the level of T12-L1. The gastrosplenic trunk and the common hepatic artery were apart fromeach other. An aberrant left hepatic artery arose from the left gastric artery, entering into the porta hepatis tosupply the left lobe of the liver. Lesser curvature of the stomach is solely supplied by the left gastric artery.Knowledge regarding such multiple variations in the abdominal region is utmost important for the anatomists,clinicians, a radiologist for performing angiographic studies and hepatic surgeons to avoid any damage to theaberrant artery, as it may result into the ischaemia and necrosis of the related part.